This paper explores crucial aspects of a child's upbringing within the first year of life and gives special attention to the importance of parental roles during this period. Parents play the most important role in a child's physical, social, and emotional development. Their positivity and care are essential not only for the child's growth and development, but also for their own. The paper comprises the analysis of the family and its role in the child's upbringing, partner relationship, as well as the child's role within the family framework. Various types of parenting, including motherhood and fatherhood, are thoroughly examined and the downsides of different parenting styles are explored. Special attention is given to the first weeks of a newborn's life, including the child's development one month after returning from the maternity hospital. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of collaboration between parents and professionals, which includes communication, support, involvement, and educational programs for parents. Lastly, the psychological and social aspects of childcare and development are considered, especially the impact of early experience on the child's maturation. Furthermore, parental strategies and styles, most notably their significance for emotional development and attachment, are explored. The aim of this paper is to highlight how different parental roles impact the child's overall development within the first year of life and how they contribute to the child's path toward becoming a healthy and skilled individual.