| Sažetak | Tema ovog diplomskog rada je istraživanje razvoja školstva u Klakaru od 1860. do 1960. godine. Škola u Klakaru je osnovana 1835. godine te je bila samostalna do 1. ožujka 1961. godine kada je pripojena Osnovnoj školi „Vladimir Nazor“ u Slavonskom Brodu. U vrijeme osnivanja Opće pučke škole u Klakaru, općina Klakar bila je unutar Vojne krajine čija je uprava imala velik utjecaj na školu, a politički utjecaj na rad škole može se vidjeti u promjenama nastavnog plana i programa koji je pratio potrebe političkih sustava. Školu nije pohađao velik broj učenika, ponajviše iz razloga što selo Klakar nije imalo velik broj stanovnika. Budući da se škola nalazi u ruralnom području, tijekom povijesti imala je, uz školsku zgradu, i školski vrt i oranicu koji su služili za obavljanje praktične nastave. Osim vrta i oranice, škola je u vlasništvu imala i dodatne pomoćne zgrade kao što su podrum, svinjac, kokošinjac, vanjska peć, zahod te bunar. Razvoj same škole bio je u skladu sa zakonima koji su tada bili na snazi te su učitelji pohađali učiteljske tečaje koji su uvelike utjecali na poboljšanje održavanja nastave, ali i na pedagoški pristup prema učenicima koji je u početcima bio vrlo strog. Prvi učitelj koji je podučavao u ovoj školi bio je petnaestogodišnji Mato Stanić, a u razdoblju od 1860. do 1960 godine izmijenilo se petnaest učitelja i sedam učiteljica. Najpoznatiji učitelj ove škole bio je Luka Lukić koji je u nasljedstvo ostavio brojne zapise, ne samo o školi kao ustanovi, već i o učenicima. Tijekom školovanja učenici su morali poštivati brojna pravila koja su se odnosila na ponašanje unutar škole, ali i izvan nje. Nepoštivanje pravila učitelji su strogo kažnjavali primjenjujući različite metode kao što su stajanje u kutu ili klečanje na kukuruzu. Crkva je imala veliku ulogu u obrazovanju jer su svećenici predavali u školi i brinuli se o učenicima nižeg socijalnog statusa. U radu su se koristili i podatci dobiveni istraživanjem u Državnom arhivu u Slavonskom Brodu, koji su obrađeni metodama analize, komparacije i sinteze. U radu je provedeno i istraživanje o broju učenika, broju izostanaka i o općem uspjehu učenika Opće pučke škole u Klakaru. Rezultati istraživanja prikazani su grafički te detaljnije pojašnjeni u zaključku. . |
| Sažetak (engleski) | The subject of this thesis is the study of the development of schooling in Klakar from 1860 to 1960. The Klakar School was founded in 1835 and was independent until March 1, 1961, when it was attached to the Vladimir Nazor Primary School in Slavonski Brod. At the time of the establishment of the General Military School in Klakar, the municipality of Klakar was within the Military Landscape whose administration had a great influence on the school, and the political influence on the work of the school can be seen in the changes in the curriculum and program that followed the needs of the political systems. The school was not attended by many students, mainly because the village of Klakar did not have a large population. Since the school is located in a rural area, during its history it had, in addition to the school building, a school garden and an orchard, which were used for practical lessons. In addition to the garden and orchard, the school owned additional buildings, such as a basement, a pigsty, a henhouse, an outdoor stove, a toilet, and a well. The development of the school itself was in accordance with the laws that were in force at the time and the teachers attended teacher courses that greatly influenced the improvement of the teaching, but also the pedagogical approach to the students, which was very strict at the beginning. The first teacher who taught in this school was fifteen-year-old Mato Stanić, and in the period from 1860 to 1960 fifteen teachers and seven teachers changed. The most famous teacher of this school was Luka Lukić who left behind numerous records, not only about the school as an institution, but also about the students. During their schooling, the students had to follow a number of rules that related to behavior both inside and outside the school. Failure to obey the rules was severely punished by the teachers, who used various methods, such as standing in a corner or kneeling on corn. The church played a large role in education, since priests taught in the school and cared for students of lower social status. The work also used data obtained from research in the State Archives in Slavonski Brod, which were processed by methods of analysis, comparison and synthesis. The paper also carried out a survey on the number of pupils, the number of absences and the general success of the pupils of the General People's School in Klakar. The results of the study are presented graphically and explained in more detail in the conclusion. |
