The main objective of this thesis is to describe the grinding machine layout and work principles of machine parts and machines mainly focusing on CNC grinding machines and conventional grinding machines as their predecessor. Thesis will be composed of the four parts in which the grinding technology features such as classification of grinding wheels and machines, work principle and machine development throughout history will be described and based on that the conclusion will be stated. In first part of this thesis grinding processes are described, as well as types of machining tools and their classification. In second part geometric characteristics of grinded surfaces and their relations to process regimes are described. Apart from that, comparison has been made between machining procedures with undefined tool shape geometry corellating with surface rougness characteristics. Microgeometry of grinding grain has been explained as well. In third part conventional grinding machines are described, as well as their layout, work principle and categorization in view of processing procedures characteristics. In fourth part, the development of production automation and numerical controlled machines are expressed. In addition, working principles of executive processing procedures parts are expressed, too. Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of CNC grinding machines are stated in this part and based on them, conclusion has been made.