Nowadays, more and more demands are being placed on environmental protection, which is why we are switching to renewable energy sources as our main resources. A large proportion of the electricity generated comes from wind turbines. A large part of it comes from wind farms with a horizontal axis of rotation, and only a small proportion of the electricity generated comes from wind farms with a vertical axis of rotation. This paper analyses the issue of vertical axis wind turbines, their application, comparison with horizontal axis versions and prospects for further development. The paper analyses some of the research work on improving the technology of vertical axis of rotation wind turbines, as well as research based on the implementation of possible solutions for improving the aerodynamics of the blades and their further development. This raises the question of the efficiency and reliability of this type of wind turbine. The research aims to identify the main problems of inefficiency and power lag of horizontal axis wind turbines. Methods such as changing the dimensions of the blades, introducing individual components and combining wind turbines with other renewable energy sources are used in an attempt to improve the performance of this type of wind turbine. From this we can conclude that vertical axis wind turbines are not as efficient as horizontal axis turbines, but have a large individual application on farms and rooftops due to the lower investment and ease of installation. Vertical versions of wind turbines have a higher torque, but horizontal versions are still 25% more efficient. It was concluded that wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation may have greater advantages with continued research into their development and performance.