Air transport represents one of the fastest and most efficient ways of transporting people and goods, playing a crucial role in the global economy and tourism. The development of air transport began in the 20th century, and with rapid technological advancements, it has become indispensable for connecting distant parts of the world. Air transport is divided into passenger, cargo, and military transport, with passenger transport making up the largest part of the industry. The advantages of air transport include speed, safety, and global connectivity, while disadvantages are high costs, negative environmental impact, and dependence on weather conditions. In the Republic of Croatia, air transport is significant for tourism, with the main airports in Zagreb, Split, and Dubrovnik, which see a large number of passengers during the tourist season. However, challenges include the seasonality of traffic and the need for infrastructure investment. In an analysis of Croatia’s air transport, there is a steady growth in the number of passengers, especially after Croatia joined the European Union, but challenges remain due to competition from other modes of transportation. In conclusion, air transport remains key to connecting Croatia with the world, but further infrastructure improvements and sustainable technologies are needed to reduce its environmental impact.