This paper explores the role and benefits of pair work during art activities in early childhood and preschool education. Art activities are recognized as an important tool for expressing emotions, encouraging cognitive and social development, and fostering self-esteem and creativity in children. The paper is based on theoretical frameworks such as Vygotsky's theory of social constructivism, Piaget's theory of constructive development, and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences to explain how collaboration and interaction among children can stimulate their development within the zone of proximal development. Methods and techniques of pair work are examined, such as children working with the same or different interests, and various types of interactions that contribute to the development of social skills are considered. The paper also analyzes challenges and obstacles in pair work, including conflict resolution, promoting equality and inclusiveness, and fostering independence. The role of educators is highlighted in creating a stimulating environment that allows children to explore different materials and techniques and develop their creative potential. The importance of pair work for the development of preschool-aged children is emphasized, with a particular focus on the social, emotional, and cognitive aspects that art activities can promote.