Title NDT RADIOGRAFSKA ISPITIVANJA I ISPITIVANJA ULTRAZVUKOM
Title (english) NDT RADIOGRAPHIC AND ULTRASONIC TESTING
Author Filip Đermić
Mentor Andrijana Milinović (mentor)
Committee member Andrijana Milinović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Josip Stojšić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Nikolina Berić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Slavonski Brod Slavonski Brod
Defense date and country 2021-09-09, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline TECHNICAL SCIENCES Mechanical Engineering
Abstract Kako bi se mogućnost pogrešaka smanjila na minimum, razvijena su mnoga ispitivanja koja se provode sa ili bez razaranja materijala. Ispitivanja bez razaranja (NDT ispitivanja) su od vrlo velike važnosti jer se često ne mogu provesti ispitivanja s razaranjima (npr. na gotovom proizvodu). Tema ovog rada su jedna od najčešće korištenih NDT ispitivanja – radiografska ispitivanja i ispitivanja ultrazvukom. U uvodnom dijelu opisana je važnost nerazornih ispitivanja u tehničkoj struci. U nastavku rada dan je povijesni prikaz razvoja pojedinih metoda ispitivanja bez razaranja. Razna znanstvena dostignuća su omogućila razvitak ispitivanja kakva se danas poznaju. Također rad sadržava i opis grešaka u materijalu koja se otkrivaju nerazornim ispitivanjima, a naglašena je i važnost stručne osposobljenosti osoblja za provođenje ovih metoda. U nastavku rada su ukratko opisane najvažnije metode bez razaranja koje se najčešće koriste u praksi, a to su: vizualna metoda, magnetna metoda, metoda penetrantima i termografska metoda ispitivanja materijala. U nastavku je detaljno opisana svrha radiografskih ispitivanja te je opisan princip rada i na čemu se on temelji. Radiografska ispitivanja ovise o vrsti zračenja koja se koristi za dobivanje radiograma. U radu su opisana radioaktivna zračenja: x-zračenja i ɣ-zračenja, koja utječu i na sami odabir vrste postupaka radiografskih ispitivanja. Opisane su glavne vrste radiografskih ispitivanja a to su: radiografija, gamagrafija i radioskopija. Osim radiografskih, u radu je detaljno opisana i ultrazvučna metoda ispitivanja bez razaranja: njeni principi, specifičnosti, oprema, kao i način prikazivanja povratnih informacija dobivena ultrazvukom. Također su objašnjene najvažnije metode ultrazvukom, a to su: akustična emisija, metoda rezonancije i impulsna – echo metoda. Zadnje poglavlje predstavlja eksperimentalni dio. Navedene metode ispitivanja su analizirane u samoj praksi na primjeru „TERMOENERGETSKA POSTROJENJA đ.đ.“
Abstract (english) To minimize the possibility of errors, many tests have been developed that are performed with or without destruction of the material. Non-destructive testing (NDT testing) is of great importance because it is often not possible to perform destructive testing (eg on a finished product). The topic of this paper is one of the most commonly used NDT tests - radiographic examinations and ultrasonic examinations.
In the introductory part, the importance of non-destructive testing in the technical profession is described. In the continuation of the paper, a historical overview of the development of individual non-destructive testing methods is given. Various scientific achievements have enabled the development of research as it is known today. The paper also contains a description of errors in the material that are detected by non-destructive testing, and the importance of professional training of staff to implement these methods, is emphasized. In the continuation of the paper, the most important non-destructive methods that are most often used in practice are briefly described, namely: visual method, magnetic method, penetrant method and thermographic method of material testing. The purpose of radiographic testing is described in detail below, as well as the principle of operation and what it is based on. Radiographic testing depend on the type of radiation used to obtain radiographs. The paper describes radioactive radiation: x-radiation and ɣ-radiation, which also influence the choice of the type of radiographic testing procedures. The main types of radiographic examinations are described, namely: radiography, gammagraphy and radioscopy. In addition to radiographic, the paper also describes in detail the non-destructive ultrasonic testing method: principles, specifics, equipment, as well as the method of displaying feedback obtained by ultrasound. The most important methods of ultrasound are also explained, namely: acoustic emission, resonance method and pulse - echo method. The last chapter is the experimental part. These test methods were analyzed in practice on the example of "TERMOENERGETSKA POSTROJENJA đ.đ."
Keywords
ispitavanja nerazornih materijala
vizualna metoda
magnetska metoda
ispitivanje penetrantima
termografska metoda
radiografska metoda
ultrazvučna metoda
radiografija
gamagrafija
Keywords (english)
Non-destructive testing
visual method
magnetic method
penetrant method
thermographic method
radiographic method
ultrasonic method
radiography
gammagraphy
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:262:398683
Study programme Title: Undergraduate Study in Mechanical Engineering Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
Terms of use
Created on 2021-09-20 08:24:03