This final thesis deals with parenting in modern society. The focus is on the impact of social changes and modern society on today's parenting, family communities and upbringing. What is indisputable is that parenting has changed significantly compared to the not-so-distant past, under the influence of social changes such as globalization, technological progress, multiculturalism and others. The practice and theory of parenting have also changed. Modern society is unpredictable and brings rapid changes, which is why today's parenting is faced with numerous challenges, including those related to constant adaptation and flexibility. Parenting in modern society is, above all, very challenging and demanding. In addition to social changes, the demands also stem from the understanding of the child as an autonomous and individual being who has his own needs and who is not just an object of parenting. Traditional roles of father and mother in raising a child, as well as the structure of family units, have also evolved. Despite all these changes and challenges, the family remains the fundamental social unit crucial for the development of children and young people. Therefore, it is extremely important to establish a healthy environment within the family unit, because only in this way will the child be able to realize his full potential and optimal socio-cognitive development.