| Abstract | Maria Montessori začetnica je svjetski poznate Montessori pedagogije – jedne od najpopularnijih metoda odgoja koja od samih početaka zaokuplja sve veći interes znanstvenika, pedagoga, učitelja, odgojitelja i roditelja. Revolucionarna pedagoška koncepcija Marije Montessori, koja je nastala još u 20. stoljeću, danas predstavlja prototip modernog odgoja koji, s jedne strane, odgovara razvojnim potrebama djece, dok s druge strane udovoljava zahtjevima koje u području odgoja nameće moderna struktura društva. Riječ je o pedagoškoj koncepciji koja u prvi plan stavlja dijete kao individualno ljudsko biće s urođenim potencijalom koji je potrebno poduprijeti, a da se pritom djetetov razvoj i urođene sposobnosti ne ometaju bespotrebnom pomoći. Taj se urođeni potencijal postupno i spontano gradi uz nenametljivu pomoć odgajatelja – roditelja, odgojitelja, učitelja – i pripremljene okoline koji djetetu omogućuju upijanje svih znanja, sposobnosti i vještine. Odgoj djeteta prema načelima Montessori pedagogije ima za cilj od djeteta načiniti samostalnu, neovisnu, odgovornu osobu. Takav je odgoj moguće i poželjno njegovati kako u roditeljskom domu tako i u odgojno-obrazovnoj ustanovi u kojoj dijete boravi uz prethodno usvojena znanja odgajatelja. U radu su opisani život i djelo Marije Montessori, povijest te temeljna načela i teze na kojima se zasniva Montessori pedagogija. Cilj je ovoga rada navesti i opisati primjenu temeljnih načela i teza na kojima se zasniva Montessori pedagogija na konkretnim primjerima aktivnosti djece u roditeljskom domu i/ili dječjem vrtiću. |
| Abstract (english) | Maria Montessori is the founder of the globally renowned Montessori pedagogy, one of the most popular educational methods, which has attracted increasing interest from scientists, pedagogues, teachers, educators, and parents since the very beginning. Today, Maria Montessori's revolutionary educational concept, created in the 20th century, represents a prototype of modern education that meets the developmental needs of children on the one hand, while also fulfilling the requirements imposed by the modern structure of society on the other hand. It is a pedagogical concept that places the child as an individual human being with innate potential at the forefront, without hindering the child's development and innate abilities with unnecessary interference. This innate potential is gradually and spontaneously developed with the unobtrusive assistance of caregivers – parents, educators, and teachers – and a prepared environment that enables the child to absorb knowledge, abilities, and skills. Raising a child according to the principles of Montessori pedagogy aims to foster independence, self-reliance, and responsibility. Such upbringing is possible and desirable both in the parents' home and in the educational institution where the child resides with the caregivers having acquired the necessary knowledge. This paper describes the life and work of Maria Montessori, the history, and the fundamental principles and theses on which Montessori pedagogy is based. The aim of this paper is to outline and describe the application of the fundamental principles and theses of Montessori pedagogy on concrete examples of children's activities in their parents' home and/or in kindergarten. |
